VIB Tech Dictionary

(1) A small dryer used as a lead in to the main dryer section.
(2) A single drying cylinder of small diameter.

The pressure between a pump and a valve or header.

The assistant paper machine operator. Stationed at the dry end of the machine and assisted by the third hand and other machine hands.

The untended side of the machine.

A micro-organism that is very beneficial in breaking down the waste particles in the effluent system.

A heat exchanger which is used to condense exhaust steam from the turbine generator, allowing condensate to be returned to the boiler.

A water column, which is maintained by a water seal such as a tank that is used to help hold and create a vacuum.

Large rotating cylinder in which pulpwood sticks are tumbled against one another to remove the bark.

Calender stack vibration or poor grinding.

A substance that yields hydroxyl ions in water solution. Commonly referred to as caustic solutions.

(1) The weight of a grade of paper for a given surface area.
(2) The weight in pounds of a ream (either 480 or 500 sheets) of paper cut to a given size. The standard size ream varies with different grades of paper according to trade practices.

The valve that is used to give a constant flow of stock for a given surface area.

A mechanical device used to support a shaft or other moving part to prevent friction between the parts.

A large mixer in which the pulp is mixed with the other ingredients of paper.

Paper for which the size has been added to the pulp in the beater before the pulp is dispersed to the paper machine for fabrication.

(1) A mechanical distortion of paper, i.e., paper tightly wrapped around a small core.
(2) A mechanical distortion of paper, such as would be obtained by paper tightly wrapped around a small core.

A chemical used to whiten paper pulp; a solution of chlorine or similar chemicals.

A part of the pulp mill where chemicals are used to brighten the pulp. Our bleach plant has a five-stage bleaching sequence.

A tile chest used to store bleached pulp at 10-12% consistency.

A tile chest where hardwood, softwood, broke and various additives are mixed before going to the machine.

(1) A defect arising in paper when dried too quickly on the drying cylinder or when the felts are not in good condition, leaving air between the felt and the sheet.
(2) A blister may also occur between two plies of a cylinder board owing to lack of ply adhesion. Also called air bells, blow, bubbles.
(3) A defect in coated paper which results when it is subjected to a high temperature during the drying of ink on high-speed heat-set presses; this defect is generally caused by excessive moisture, use of excessive heat on the press, or coating through which moisture vapor will not readily pass.
(4) A rapid test for papers such as glassine or greaseproof made from highly hydrated pulps. These papers develop blisters when exposed to the flame of a match or candle just enough to char the sheet very slightly.

A mechanical device used to provide movement of a fluid while increasing the energy of the fluid by elevation of pressure and velocity.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand. The measurement of the oxygen deficit created by the waste in the effluent.

A procedure used to clean the paper machine pipes and chests to remove stock, slime, etc.

(1) The name "bond" was originally given to a paper which was used for printing bonds and stock certificates. It is now used to refer to paper used for letterheads and many printing purposes. Important characteristics are finish, strength, no fuzz, and rigidity.
(2) A classification of paper grade. Bond paper is used for letterheads and other printing papers. Important characteristics are finish, strength, no fuzz, and rigidity.

The resistance of a coated or uncoated paper to picking or lifting of its surface fibers, or splitting of the paper while being printed.

Pulp that is moisture free.

The term bottom wire is used on the twin wire former. It is the same as a regular wire on a fourdrinier.

A fixed or variable bowed roll used for spreading.

A term used to denote a tear in a roll of paper which occurs while the paper machine is running. Such breaks are generally spliced and marked by a protruding flag.

(1) The roll on the fourdrinier or former which serves as a support for the fabric and to seal off the head box slice.
(2) A large diameter roll around which the fourdrinier wire passes at the machine head box just at or ahead of the point where the stock is admitted to the wire by the stock inlet. It is covered with corrosion- resistant metal or fiberglass and is usually driven by the fourdrinier wire.

(1) An optical property of paper which compares the brightness of the paper to opaque glass.
(2) Judgment of the amount of light reflected to the eye from the surface of paper, irrespective of hue or saturation of the color.

(1) Paper that has been discarded anywhere in the manufacturing process. It is usually returned to the broke pulper for reprocessing.
(2) Paper trimmings of damaged paper from the machine or finishing rooms. Usually returned to beaters for re-processing into saleable paper.

The list of allocated funds by department for mill expenses to be incurred during a certain time period, usually one year.

Chemical solutions used to obtain a known pH and to calibrate pH meters.

Term used to denote the thickness of a sheet or relative thickness according to the basis or substance weight of the sheet. A bulky sheet refers to one lacking compactness, resulting in a lighter weight for a given thickness.

Resistance of paper to rupture under pressure, as indicated in pounds per square inch on a Mullen or "pop" tester.